[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.stykr.cz\/alan-turing-turinguv-test\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.stykr.cz\/alan-turing-turinguv-test\/","headline":"Alan Turing, Turing\u016fv test","name":"Alan Turing, Turing\u016fv test","description":"Narodil se 23. \u010dervna v\u00a0Lond\u00fdn\u011b. U\u017e jako mal\u00e9ho chlapce ho zaj\u00edmala v\u011bda. Kdy\u017e v\u00a0roce 1926 za\u010dal nav\u0161t\u011bvovat st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu, m\u00edval \u010dasto konflikty, proto\u017ee v\u0161e, co bylo kolem \u0159e\u010deno, bral p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 doslovn\u011b a z\u00a0hlediska \u201ematematick\u00e9 logiky\u201c. Byl introvert a jeho nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edtelem byl Christopher Morcom, se kter\u00fdm sd\u00edlel svou v\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 pro v\u011bdu. V\u00a0t\u00e9to dob\u011b si u\u017e...<p class=\"more-link-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stykr.cz\/alan-turing-turinguv-test\/\" class=\"more-link\">P\u0159e\u010d\u00edst<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &ldquo;Alan Turing, Turing\u016fv test&rdquo;<\/span> &raquo;<\/a><\/p>","datePublished":"2018-08-27","dateModified":"2023-05-04","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.stykr.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"stykr.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.stykr.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4c8347e48acde4b8838164e4b1c9b1c2409c44aff1922a8b9d7dd631b9ae52bb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4c8347e48acde4b8838164e4b1c9b1c2409c44aff1922a8b9d7dd631b9ae52bb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"stykr.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.stykr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a322830_w2194_t1534617337.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.stykr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a322830_w2194_t1534617337.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.stykr.cz\/alan-turing-turinguv-test\/","about":["Web"],"wordCount":444,"articleBody":"Narodil se 23. \u010dervna v\u00a0Lond\u00fdn\u011b. U\u017e jako mal\u00e9ho chlapce ho zaj\u00edmala v\u011bda. Kdy\u017e v\u00a0roce 1926 za\u010dal nav\u0161t\u011bvovat st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu, m\u00edval \u010dasto konflikty, proto\u017ee v\u0161e, co bylo kolem \u0159e\u010deno, bral p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 doslovn\u011b a z\u00a0hlediska \u201ematematick\u00e9 logiky\u201c.Byl introvert a jeho nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edtelem byl Christopher Morcom, se kter\u00fdm sd\u00edlel svou v\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 pro v\u011bdu. V\u00a0t\u00e9to dob\u011b si u\u017e byl v\u011bdom sv\u00e9 homosexuality a z\u0159ejm\u011b byl jeho kamar\u00e1d tak\u00e9 jeho velkou l\u00e1skou. Kdy\u017e v\u00a0roce 1930 zem\u0159el na tuberkul\u00f3zu, zas\u00e1hlo ho to a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161.Od roku 1931 do roku 1934 studoval matematiku na King\u00b4s College v\u00a0Cambridge a v\u00a0roce 1935 byl zvolen \u010dlenem univerzitn\u00ed koleje na z\u00e1klad\u011b disertace o centr\u00e1ln\u00ed limitn\u00ed v\u011bt\u011b.Jeho \u010dl\u00e1nek o vy\u010d\u00edslitelnosti z\u00a0roku 1936 se stal za\u010d\u00e1tkem jeho kari\u00e9ry.Je\u0161t\u011b tento rok ode\u0161el do Princetonu.Pozd\u011bji se vr\u00e1til do King\u00b4s College a v\u00a0roce 1938 ud\u011blal doktor\u00e1t. Pot\u00e9 vyu\u010doval na univerzit\u011b v\u00a0Manchesteru.B\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky Alan Turing za\u010dal pracovat v\u00a0Bletchley Parku. Zde, se sv\u00fdmi spolupracovn\u00edky, podstatn\u011b zm\u011bnil polsk\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez zvan\u00fd Bomba. Vytvo\u0159il stroj k\u00a0prolomen\u00ed k\u00f3du, kter\u00fdm de\u0161ifroval n\u011bmeck\u00fd k\u00f3dovac\u00ed stroj Enigma.U\u017e v\u00a0roce 1939 prolomil \u0161ifry n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho n\u00e1mo\u0159nictva. V\u00a0t\u00e9to dob\u011b se zasnoubil s\u00a0kolegyn\u00ed Joan Clarkeovou, ale pozd\u011bji se j\u00ed p\u0159iznal ke sv\u00e9 orientaci a zasnouben\u00ed zru\u0161il.Jeho nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek \u201eComputing Machinery and Intelligence\u201c vy\u0161el v\u00a0roce 1950. V\u00a0n\u011bm uva\u017euje, zda stroje dok\u00e1\u017eou myslet. Je to imita\u010dn\u00ed hra, dnes zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Turing\u016fv test. Ten spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0komunikaci dvou subjekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 se navz\u00e1jem nevid\u00ed. \u010clov\u011bk sed\u00edc\u00ed u jednoho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de klade ot\u00e1zky a jeho \u00fakolem je podle odpov\u011bd\u00ed zjistit, zda mu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk, nebo po\u010d\u00edta\u010d.Pokud nen\u00ed schopen ur\u010dit, od koho odpov\u011bdi dost\u00e1v\u00e1, m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed je inteligentn\u00ed, tedy mysl\u00edc\u00ed. Tento test se dodnes nepoda\u0159ilo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu stroji p\u0159ekonat.\u00a0V\u00a0roce 1952 se sezn\u00e1mil s\u00a0devaten\u00e1ctilet\u00fdm chlapcem A. Murrayem, kter\u00e9ho pozval k\u00a0sob\u011b dom\u016f. N\u00e1sledn\u011b byl vykraden a jeho mlad\u00fd p\u0159\u00edtel p\u0159iznal, \u017ee pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b to byl jeho zn\u00e1m\u00fd.\u00a0 V\u0161e ozn\u00e1mil na policii, ale bohu\u017eel byl nucen p\u0159iznat, \u017ee s\u00a0Murrayem m\u011bl sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed styk. D\u00edky tomu s\u00e1m \u010delil soudn\u00edmu procesu.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Alan Turing, Turing\u016fv test","item":"https:\/\/www.stykr.cz\/alan-turing-turinguv-test\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]